The founding charter laying out the philosophy and purpose of the art.

Vol. 1, p. 12

How fundamentals, patterns, sparring, dallyon, and self-defence interrelate.

Vol. 1, p. 236

Building noble character through respect, etiquette, and orderly conduct.

Vol. 1, p. 15

Conduct expected of students inside and outside the do jang.

Vol. 1, p. 66

First of the five Confucian virtues — love and care for fellow humans.

Vol. 1, p. 47

Standing firm with one's principles, regardless of the odds.

Vol. 1, p. 17

Knowing right from wrong and having the conscience to feel guilt when wrong.

Vol. 1, p. 15

Cultivation of moral character — central to the spiritual side of training.

Vol. 1, p. 45

Setting a goal and overcoming every difficulty by patient effort.

Vol. 1, p. 16

The ethical and spiritual foundation of the art.

Vol. 1, p. 88

Behaving with respect and good manners even under hardship.

Vol. 1, p. 50

The ability to feel ashamed of unjust acts and do one's duty.

Vol. 1, p. 50

Mastering oneself, both in sparring and in personal affairs.

Vol. 1, p. 16

The official anthem of Taekwon-Do.

Vol. 1, p. 18

The respectful bond between teacher and student rooted in Confucian values.

Vol. 1, p. 81

The five guiding principles of ITF Taekwon-Do.

Vol. 1, p. 14

The ability to keep one's word and promises.

Vol. 1, p. 51

The ability to judge right from wrong, especially in matters concerning oneself.

Vol. 1, p. 51

Black-belt rank, from 1st Dan up to 9th Dan.

Vol. 1, p. 91

Colour-belt rank, from 10th Gup (white) up to 1st Gup (black tag). Often spelled 'Kup'.

Vol. 1, p. 91

Qualified teacher of Taekwon-Do.

Vol. 1, p. 82

Disciple of the art.

Vol. 1, p. 84

The 19-rank system of 10 grades (Gup) and 9 degrees (Dan).

Vol. 1, p. 91

Belt grading test.

Vol. 1, p. 96

Classification system for tournament umpires.

Vol. 1, p. 124

Blocking-practice apparatus.

Vol. 2

Stepping backward.

Vol. 6

Stepping backward while executing a block.

Vol. 6

Stepping backward while executing a punch.

Vol. 6

Calisthenic warm-ups and conditioning drills.

Vol. 2

Generic term for a training exercise.

Vol. 6

Hanging bag used for training power and accuracy.

Vol. 2

Pendulum-style training aid for timing and impact.

Vol. 2

Padded striking post used to condition fists, hands and feet.

Vol. 2

Stepping forward while executing a block — fundamental drill.

Vol. 6

Stepping forward while executing a punch.

Vol. 6

Body fully facing the opponent.

Vol. 2, p. 132

Basic drill exercises practising one technique repeatedly to build correct form.

Vol. 6

Standing assumptions used when describing fundamental exercises (direction, target, intent).

Vol. 6

Body angled at roughly 45 degrees to the opponent.

Vol. 2, p. 132

Earthen jar used as a hand-conditioning tool.

Vol. 2

Conditioning aid for footwork and stamina.

Vol. 2

Used to check posture and form.

Vol. 2

The white uniform worn for training.

Vol. 2

Body fully sideways to the opponent.

Vol. 2, p. 132

Stepping forward.

Vol. 6

Equipment used to condition body and technique (forging post, bag, pendulum, etc.).

Vol. 2

The dedicated space where Taekwon-Do is practised.

Vol. 2

The structured practice plan that guides progression.

Vol. 1, p. 110

The path traced on the floor while performing a pattern.

Vol. 8

Beginner blocking exercise on a four-point cross.

Vol. 8

Beginner punching exercise on a four-point cross. Usually first taught.

Vol. 8

Four-point thrust exercise introduced at higher gup levels.

Vol. 10

A choreographed sequence of techniques against imaginary opponents.

Vol. 1, p. 154

The starting posture before beginning a pattern's first movement.

Vol. 8

Turning on the spot to change direction while keeping foot positions.

Vol. 8

Formal attention position used before and after class.

Vol. 2, p. 160

Preparatory stance for side and back kicks.

Vol. 2, p. 155

Feet together, used as a preparatory posture.

Vol. 2, p. 132

Diagonal stance using leg tension by bending the knees inward.

Vol. 2, p. 149

A diagonal-foot stance referenced as an alternative to the crouched stance.

Vol. 2

Half-facing stance for side attack/defence with even weight distribution.

Vol. 2, p. 143

Defensive half-facing stance with 70/30 weight on the rear leg.

Vol. 2, p. 138

Long stance similar to walking stance, extended by one foot length.

Vol. 2, p. 156

Balance stance on a single supporting leg.

Vol. 2, p. 151

Toes pointing inward (An Palja) or outward (Bakat Palja).

Vol. 2, p. 134

Feet parallel at shoulder width — basic ready posture.

Vol. 2, p. 133

Preparatory positions taken before a sequence begins.

Vol. 2, p. 160

Stance with most weight on the rear foot, freeing the front foot to kick.

Vol. 2, p. 154

Wide horse-riding stance for lateral movement and leg conditioning.

Vol. 2, p. 145

The starting position of every Taekwon-Do movement.

Vol. 2, p. 132

Upright stance with straight legs and 60/40 weight on the rear leg.

Vol. 2, p. 153

Strong stance for front and rear, with weight evenly distributed.

Vol. 2, p. 135

Crossed-foot stance for side or front attack and as a transition.

Vol. 2, p. 150

Fingertip thrust with the hand at an angle.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Curved web of the hand between thumb and index finger.

Vol. 2, p. 53

The body parts used as weapons or shields in Taekwon-Do.

Vol. 2, p. 49

Back of the closed fist, used for striking outward or backward.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Back surface of the forearm.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Back of the open hand.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Back of the heel — used for back kicks and reverse turning kicks.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Heel pad on the underside of the foot.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Padded ball just behind the toes — used for front and turning kicks.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Heel of the palm with fingers curled — a strong pushing/striking tool.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Two-finger thrust (index + middle).

Vol. 2, p. 53

Used for close-range strikes — front, side, upper, downward.

Vol. 2, p. 82

Soft pad of the fingers.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Hand with thumb and fingers pinched like pincers.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Tips of straight fingers, used as a thrusting tool.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Fingertips of the flat open hand.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Lower-body striking tools.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Outer edge of the foot — the side kick striking surface.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Knuckle of the index finger extended for precision striking.

Vol. 2, p. 53

The forearm — used for blocks via four surfaces (outer, inner, under, back).

Vol. 2, p. 53

Single index finger as a thrusting tool.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Front of the closed fist — the standard punching surface.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Upper-body striking and blocking tools.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Inside edge of the shin.

Vol. 2, p. 84

Striking tool for close-range or grappling situations.

Vol. 2, p. 82

Outer edge of the open hand — a striking and blocking surface.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Fist with one knuckle protruded for a small striking surface.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Fist with index and middle fingers extended (used for throat strikes).

Vol. 2, p. 53

Knuckle fist using the middle finger.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Other body parts used as tools (knee, elbow, head, etc.).

Vol. 2, p. 82

Half-open fist used for striking.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Outside edge of the shin.

Vol. 2, p. 84

The flat palm of the hand.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Inner edge of the foot — opposite of the foot-sword.

Vol. 2, p. 76

Inner edge of the open hand.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Two back-hands used together.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Both elbows used together.

Vol. 2, p. 82

Two fists used together.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Two palms used together.

Vol. 2, p. 53

Two fists crossed for blocking or striking together.

Vol. 2, p. 53

The abdomen — a mid-section vital area.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Tendon at the back of the heel.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Laryngeal prominence on the throat.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Ankle joint as a target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Vital point under the arm.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Vital point between the eyebrows.

Vol. 2, p. 88

The chest area.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Tailbone.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Elbow joint as a target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

The eye.

Vol. 2, p. 88

The unattached lower ribs — a vital target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

A primary low-section vital point.

Vol. 2, p. 88

The head as a body section.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Cardiac vital point.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Above the shoulders — neck, face, head.

Vol. 2, p. 90

Inside of the upper leg.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Top surface of the foot — primary kicking tool for the turning kick.

Vol. 6

Lower-back vital target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Knee joint as a target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Right-side mid-section vital target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Below the navel — groin, thighs, knees.

Vol. 2, p. 90

Shoulders to navel — chest, ribs, solar plexus, abdomen.

Vol. 2, p. 90

Below the nose, above the upper lip — reference vital spot for the high section.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Tip of the chin — major knockout target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Division of the body into high, middle, and low sections for attack and defence.

Vol. 2, p. 90

Bony top of the head.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Just below the sternum — a major vital point.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Left-side mid-section vital target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Breastbone.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Side of the head — major vital spot.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Shinbone.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Tips of the toes — used as a thrusting tool.

Vol. 6

Anatomical points where strikes are most effective.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Trachea — major vital target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

Wrist joint as a target.

Vol. 2, p. 88

A defensive technique to deflect or stop an attack.

Vol. 2, p. 49

Tournament contest combining patterns, sparring, power and special techniques.

Vol. 1, p. 128

The official rules of ITF competition.

Vol. 1, p. 130

Public display of Taekwon-Do techniques.

Vol. 1, p. 142

A strike delivered downward.

Vol. 2

A strike delivered to the front.

Vol. 2

Practical defence against sudden attack by armed or unarmed opponents.

Vol. 1, p. 162

Practical application of attack and defence against a moving opponent.

Vol. 1, p. 161

The classification of sparring (pre-arranged, semi-free, free, foot-technique, model, etc.).

Vol. 1, p. 161

Verbal command to begin a pattern, sparring exchange, or exercise.

Vol. 6

Back kick driving the heel directly to the rear.

Vol. 4

Back kick that pushes through the target.

Vol. 4

Snapping back kick.

Vol. 4

Checking or stopping kick used defensively.

Vol. 4

Combining different kicks into a single sequence.

Vol. 4

Two or more kicks delivered without lowering the foot.

Vol. 4

Kick used to counter an opponent's attack.

Vol. 4

Arc kick following a half-moon path inward or outward.

Vol. 4

Axe-like kick descending onto the target.

Vol. 4

Kick performed while in mid-air.

Vol. 4

Front kick used defensively to stop or check an incoming attack.

Vol. 7

Stretching kick raising the foot high to the front.

Vol. 4

Kick driving the ball of the foot upward and forward, snapping back.

Vol. 4

Two consecutive kicks — first to the front, then to the rear.

Vol. 6

Any kick targeting the high section.

Vol. 4

Kick that hooks back through the target.

Vol. 4

Kick travelling inward.

Vol. 4

Generic term for a kick.

Vol. 4

Striking with the knee.

Vol. 4

Any kick targeting the low section.

Vol. 4

Kick executed during a 360-degree spin in the air.

Vol. 4

Any kick targeting the middle section.

Vol. 4

Kick travelling outward.

Vol. 4

Pickaxe-shape kick coming up and back down.

Vol. 4

Pressing kick exerting steady pressure.

Vol. 4

Spinning hooking kick.

Vol. 4

Spinning kick striking with the back heel.

Vol. 4

Side kick used defensively to stop or check an incoming attack.

Vol. 7

Standard side kick driving the foot-sword horizontally into the target.

Vol. 4

Side kick that pushes rather than snaps.

Vol. 4

Stretching kick raising the foot high to the side.

Vol. 4

Snapping side kick.

Vol. 4

Side kick driven through the target as a thrust rather than a snap.

Vol. 7

Side-on turning kick.

Vol. 4

Kick executed without stepping — from a standing position.

Vol. 6

Stamping the foot down onto the target.

Vol. 4

Kick travelling along a straight line to the target.

Vol. 7

Sweeping the opponent off-balance with a low kick.

Vol. 4

Three kicks delivered with the same foot in succession.

Vol. 4

Roundhouse-style kick using the ball of the foot or instep.

Vol. 4

Kick that twists through the target — counter-direction of a turning kick.

Vol. 4

Kicks delivered in two directions in succession.

Vol. 4

Kick travelling straight up — typically a stretching exercise.

Vol. 6

Kick travelling on a vertical line.

Vol. 4

Wave-like kick following a curving path.

Vol. 4

Block stopping an attack in place.

Vol. 3

Block following a circular path.

Vol. 3

Block descending to defend against a low attack.

Vol. 3

Guarding block with the forearm.

Vol. 3

Block to the front of the body.

Vol. 3

Block that catches and holds the attacking limb.

Vol. 3

Block held in a guarding position protecting the centre line.

Vol. 3

Block protecting the high section.

Vol. 3

Block that hooks the attacking limb.

Vol. 3

Block on a horizontal plane.

Vol. 3

Block on the inside of the attacking limb.

Vol. 3

Block sweeping inward toward the centre line.

Vol. 3

Guarding block with the knife-hand.

Vol. 3

Block protecting the low section.

Vol. 3

Block protecting the middle section.

Vol. 3

Block on the outside of the attacking limb.

Vol. 3

Block sweeping outward away from the centre line.

Vol. 3

Block pushing with the palm.

Vol. 3

Two arms blocking in parallel.

Vol. 3

Block pressing down on an attack.

Vol. 3

Block pushing the attacking limb away.

Vol. 3

Block rising upward to deflect a high attack.

Vol. 3

Block scooping under an attacking foot.

Vol. 3

Block to the side of the body.

Vol. 3

Block with both forearms.

Vol. 3

Block with both knife-hands.

Vol. 3

Two-handed block forming a U-shape.

Vol. 3

Two-handed block forming a W or mountain shape.

Vol. 3

Two-arm block wedging an attack apart.

Vol. 3

Block with crossed fists.

Vol. 3

Punch travelling at an angle to the line of attack.

Vol. 3

Elbow thrust to the rear.

Vol. 3

Strike with the back of the fist.

Vol. 3

Punch following a half-moon arc.

Vol. 3

Punch travelling downward.

Vol. 3

Strike with the elbow.

Vol. 3

Thrust using the fingertips.

Vol. 3

Forward strike with the elbow.

Vol. 3

Punch travelling forward with the fist of the lead arm.

Vol. 3

Punch following a hooking arc.

Vol. 3

Strike travelling inward.

Vol. 3

Strike using the outer edge of the open hand.

Vol. 3

Strike travelling outward.

Vol. 3

Generic term for a punch — straight thrust with the fist.

Vol. 3

Strike using the inner edge of the open hand.

Vol. 3

Punch with the rear hand — opposite to the lead leg.

Vol. 3

Elbow thrust to the side.

Vol. 3

Punch travelling diagonally between front and side.

Vol. 3

Punch travelling to the side.

Vol. 3

Strike travelling to the side.

Vol. 3

Punch landing as the foot steps forward.

Vol. 3

Fingertip thrust with the flat hand.

Vol. 3

Generic term for a strike — typically with knife-hand, back fist, elbow.

Vol. 3

Generic term for a thrust — typically with fingertips or elbow.

Vol. 3

Punch landing as the body turns.

Vol. 3

Punch with both fists simultaneously.

Vol. 3

Upward elbow strike.

Vol. 3

Fingertip thrust with palm up.

Vol. 3

Punch with palm-up fist (like an uppercut).

Vol. 3

Strike travelling upward.

Vol. 3

Punch with the fist in vertical orientation.

Vol. 3

Self-defence techniques against armed attackers.

Vol. 5

Sparring restricted to foot techniques only.

Vol. 5

Spontaneous sparring with no pre-arrangement.

Vol. 5

Demonstration sparring repeated in slow motion to show technique.

Vol. 1, p. 164

Single pre-arranged exchange — attack and defence.

Vol. 5

Choreographed simulated free sparring used in demonstrations.

Vol. 1, p. 195

Sparring drills with both moves agreed beforehand.

Vol. 5

Three pre-arranged exchanges, the first sparring drill.

Vol. 5

Two pre-arranged exchanges.

Vol. 5

Coordinating exhalation with the moment of impact.

Vol. 2, p. 14

Focusing all the body's force at one point at the moment of impact.

Vol. 2, p. 14

Stability while in motion — keeping the body grounded during rapid technique.

Vol. 2, p. 14

Maintaining balance to channel power without falling.

Vol. 2, p. 14

Body weight delivered into the technique.

Vol. 2, p. 35

Newton's third-law principle — the body uses the opponent's or its own opposite reaction to amplify power.

Vol. 2, p. 14

Velocity of the technique — exponentially increases impact.

Vol. 2, p. 14

The principles that generate maximum power: reaction force, concentration, equilibrium, breath control, mass, speed.

Vol. 2, p. 14